I. Слова выписать и выучить наизусть!Topical Vocabulary
- presidential -президентский
- the legislative branch of the government - законодательная власть
the Congress - конгресс
to represent smb., smth.
-представлять кого-либо, чего-либо
the House of Representatives -палата представителей
the Senate-сенат
a senator-сенатор
to be elected-быть избранным
to be a citizen of -быть гражданином
(какой-либо страны)
a representative -представитель
- to make a law-создавать закон
a bill- законопроект
to veto a bill -
наложить вето на законопроект
to pass the law -принять закон
to get a two-thirds majority vote -получить большинство в
две трети голосов
to declare war -объявить войну
to impeach the President -подвергнуть президента импичменту
to charge the President with a crime -обвинить президента в
совершении преступления
to put the President on trial-судить президента
to vote -голосовать
to approve the justices-утвердить судей
to appoint a justice to the Supreme Court-назначить судью Верховного суда
- the executive branch of the government-исполнительная власть
to put the country’s laws into effect -приводить в исполнение законы страны
to be a natural citizen of the USA -родиться в США и быть гражданином США
to be a civilian-быть штатским
to serve-служить
to serve a term-срок службы
the Vice-President-вице-президент
to sign smth.-подписать что-либо
- the judicial branch of the government-судебная власть
a system of courts-система судов
to enforce laws-проводить законы в жизнь
a justice-судья
Chief Justice-верховный судья
an associate justice-судья (помощник судьи)
to be appointed for life-назначаться пожизненно
to obey a law-подчиниться закону
constitutional-конституционный
to protect the Constitution and the rights of people-защищать конституцию и права граждан
amendment – поправка
chambers – палаты
Judicial circuit-судебный
округ
district court- районный
суд
Federal Court of Appeals -Федеральный апелляционный суд
Governor- губернатор
II. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст.
US Government
1. By the Constitution of 1787 (and the amendments to it) the government of the USA is composed of three branches: the executive one, the legislative one and the judicial one. The executive power in the United States is vested in the President of the United State, who is elected for a term of four years by electors of each state. The Presidential election is held every fourth year in November. The President of the USA must be a native-born citizen, resident in the
country for fourteen years and at least thirty-five years old. The President is to carry out the programmes of the Government, to recommend much of the legislation to the Congress. He is to appoint Federal Judges, ambassadors to other countries and heads of various government departments, called secretaries.
2. The legislative power belongs to the Congress of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two members from each state and elected for a term of 6 years, one third being elected every two years. The number of representatives elected in each State depends on the number of people in each particular State.
3. In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must pass both Houses and must be signed by the President. An important role in the American legislation is played by so-called "lobbyists". They are often more influential than congressmen themselves.
4. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the United States and the head of the judicial branch of power. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the USA and some Associate Justices. The United States is divided into eleven judicial circuits, each one being served with a Federal Court of Appeals. There are about ninety district courts in different parts of the United States. The district courts are the lowest ones in the Federal court system.
Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.
5. Each state has a constitution similar to the Constitution of the entire nation, all the power in each state being divided into executive, legislative and judicial. The head of each state is the governor of the state. Each state has its own system of courts similar to that of the Federal courts.
I. Дайте английские эквиваленты русским выражениям:
1) поправка; 2) исполнительная власть; 3) избираться на четырехлетний срок; 4) президентские выборы; 5) уроженец; 6) житель страны; 7) осуществлять; 8) законодательная власть; 9) палата представителей; 10) зависеть от; 11) в каждом конкретном штате; 12) влиятельный; 13) судебная отрасль власти; 14) Верховный суд; 15)
Верховный судья США; 16) член Верховного суда; 17) судебный округ; 18) рассматривать в судебном порядке; 19) подразделяться на; 20) губернатор.
II. Найдите во втором абзаце текста одно предложение с Participle I и одно предложение с Participle II, где причастия выполняют функцию определения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
III. Найдите во втором и пятом абзацах текста по одному предложению с абсолютным причастным оборотом и переведите их на русский язык.
VI. Найдите и выпишите ответы на следующие вопросы.
1. Who is the executive power in the United States vested in?
2. Who can be the President of the country?
3. Who does the legislative power belong to?
4. How often is the Senate elected?
5. What is the highest judicial organ in the USA?
